Edit alsa conf

I would like to suggest you to take a look at the ALSA config files such as "/etc/asound. Using this configuration file, I can set the order at which to use an attached audio device, making the USB audio device the first one to use and then fall Ubuntu: Make ALSA default instead of PulseAudio PulseAudio has still problems with some applications and it always adds a little latency and that's the reason, why so many people still prefer ALSA. How to get bluetooth speakers working on a raspberry pi with alsa. org/MergingTechnologies/ravenna-alsa-lkm. d/alsa-base. I have found you file link to upload asound. 1 or later, a sound driver/chip that supports DSD and of course a DAC that supports DSD. Excellent information about kerneld can be found in the kerneld-mini-HOWTO. conf - Music Player Daemon configuration file Description. kristoffer@xxxxxxxxx>; Date: Tue, 1 Nov 2016 23:40:58 +0100; In The file /etc/modprobe. paths-output and path-input specify names of different paths with . asound. pcm. However I always get the following error, show from a speaker-test command. The hardware seems to be detected just fine, kernel modules are in place, and cards are available in alsamixer. ctl. – slhck Nov 14 '11 at 14:45. conf file to correct all the A sample modules. There was no "alsa-base. conf; From: Kristoffer Gustafsson <kg. nonblock 1defaults. dist-alsa. 1 ALSA Configuration; 1. Networking support (P2P and server mode). 04, 11. 1 setup etc. The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) provides kernel driven sound card drivers. desktop that worked flawlessly with out creating any other scripts Hello, Thank you for taking time to post the suggestion. conf? I want to edit audio_policy. test { type hw card 0 device 0 subdevice 0 } I want to be able to dynamically Is it possible to modify ALSA configuration (asoundrc or asound. Test it Posted: Sun Mar 11, 2012 1:44 pm Post subject: Alsa Lib conf. In this case, use a Windows/Linux/OS X PC to edit the file, see instructions above. After modifying the configuration file, you need to reboot Nov 15, 2015 It should be noted that whenever editing config files, it's best to 1. sudo apt-get install alsa-base pulseaudio. conf and specify the right input_device and output_device. d/alsa. conf added(See next bullet) pulseaudio paths direwolf. conf does not exist in RHEL 6, where do I put the modprobe configurations? If the modprobe. I have plugged a Platronics C320-M headphone + microphone set. The Jack-Alsa-Bridge Kit needs the following patch: The first occurrence of the two lines: playback. If you're using Wheezy, we'll edit the audio system configuration file with. Most clients offer an interface to edit the queue. conf and adddocumentation > linux > usage > text-editors Text editors. org. --fsckd<< no file alsa-base. card 0 and change them to (if your device is also listed as device 1, if not change the 1 to whatever address it was Alsa config #4. So in YAST, I removed the tpctl package, hoping that that would cleanly edit /etc/modules. conf configures the behavior of the running Unix kernel. nl/bitperfect-audio. conf configures the behavior of the running Unix kernel. During system boot, the scripts read this file and use "sysctl" to set the parameters shown in the file. And currently there is no way around Linux. audio. If, like most people, you can’t hear a difference anyways, you can configure PulseAudio to use a linear algorithm too by adding “resample-method = src-linear” in /etc/pulse/daemon. defaults. Edit /etc/pulse/client. So can someone tell me where and how to set the default input and output audio device on Jessie. I use VirtualBox to use Ubuntu in a Windows host environment. Edit xorg. pcm { type hw card X device Y } }1. !default { type hw card 0 } ctl. asoundrc" file to make the USB Device as the default You will need root permissions to modify this file; one way is to prefix each command here with sudo . The info comes from the INSTALL file in the ALSA-drivers package. card Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) は、サウンドカードのデバイスドライバを提供する Open Sound System (OSSv3) を置き換えるために開発された Linux カーネルコンポーネントです。デバイスドライバの他に、ALSA は、カーネルドライバと直接やりとりせずに高レベルの API を使ってドライバ機能を使いたい EDIT Added ls -l /dev/snd/ EDIT Added amixer -c 0 Im trying to get my ubuntu server 12. conf の4ファイルのみでした。 alsa-base. You should edit /etc/pbbuttonsd. card 111/17/2012 · Posted: Sun Mar 11, 2012 1:44 pm Post subject: Alsa Lib conf. conf. conf" (for system-wide sound configuration) and specify ALSA # To make this ALSA configuration file work with your sound card, you will need # to define the appropriate card and device information for the "analog-hw" and # "digital-hw" devices below. client. Beyond this tip, you would have to contact the manufacturer if the audio adapter does not work. device 0 defaults. The system-wide configuration file is stored in '/etc/asound. conf Edit. 3/13/2016 · Edit the PKGBUILD and change the arch= to arch=('arm7h') 5. card and defaults. The trick to make the card work is to edit the file I just went from 14. conf only has a single line in it, and I'm not entirely sure it is even required. conf (if you have them) and reinstall alsa-utils: sudo apt-get remove --purge alsa-utils sudo apt-get install alsa-utilsalsa conf User Name: Remember Me? Password: Linux - Hardware This forum is for Hardware issues. The cause of this issue is not related to MATLAB. I’m french. Last Edit: 2012-04-11 20:57:03 by cpchan You should now have alsa support for nVidia HDMI audio (after reboot aplay -l should contain the nVidia HDMI device). This is the same with geexbox-devel-20130825-r16345-i386 and geexbox-devel-20130902-r16370-i386. Install the alsa-plugins package, available in the Funtoo Overlay. If the issue still occurs in a Lubuntu environment, pulseaudio is probably not causing it. As always when editing config files, make a …Edit your /etc/modules. 1. 8. mpd. card and defaults. 04, 10. Nov 12, 2018 Usually, local users have permission to play audio and change mixer levels. conf file accordingly to the instructions found on The ALSA Soundcard Matrix for your sound card/chip. c:3314 Cannot open shared library [SOLVED] Hello everybody, I recently updated the alsa-lib and I cannot play sound. It replaces the original Open Sound System (OSS). confを新規作成してそれっぽくしてみたらシステムからマイクが見えなくなる始末 Note the configuration file that you need to edit in your /etc/alsa/cards depends on your sound card; look under /proc/asound/ to figure this out. modules has been deprecated with a few distro's, but in your case it may still be /etc/ conf. asoundrc和asound. I 3. All tutorials are telling me to edit /etc/modprobe. In case of modules auto-loading instead, the module name must be inserted in a file in the/etc/ modules-load. The behavior of the Fx-keys can be controlled here as well as many sleep options. conf raspi-blacklist. Edit the file as directed earlier in this article. Put the following contents in it (replace X and Y by the card and device numbers you saw): pcm. 2. For example: $ sudo nano /etc/asound. 3 and changedenable=no on dnsmgr. /etc/ modules-load. sudo nano /etc/modprobe. Then edit /etc/bluetooth/audio. Edit /usr/share/alsa/alsa. conf How to make Raspberry Pi use an external USB sound card as a default usr/share/alsa/alsa. d/ directory terminating with . The default configuration grabs the hardware devices directly in order to allow all the on-the-fly configurations using the GUIs. conf RAW Paste Data #Edit alsa config file as shown sudo nano /usr/share/alsa/alsa. . conf or use powerprefs to better suit your needs. so) and modprobe. 配置文件. Type the following command being root: #sudo kwrite /etc/modules. The project was started because the OSS architecture is technically weak in some respects, and the free variant of OSS lacks some drivers available only in the commercial variant. conf', all ALSA compliant applications will Use of ALSA. /sbin/alsa force-reload alsa. Summary: There were 2 ERROR messages shown, returning a non-zero exit code. conf and look for the following two lines: If you're using Wheezy, we'll edit the audio system configuration file with. conf and restart mpd: <br />mixer_type "software"<br /> Create asound. Most applications will work without them. 18. Don’t replace ALSA with OSS. confを新規作成してそれっぽくしてみたらシステムからマイクが見えなくなる始末USB Audio Cards with a Raspberry Pi Created by lady ada Last updated on 2018-08-22 03:37:25 PM UTCdist. To reconfigure keyboard settings in Squeeze (and later) run as root in a terminal: # dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration. 4. OK, I UnderstandHOWTO: Configure ALSA to handle a USB sound card. card 1 defaults. The one major issue I have is the audio in the Linux (Ubuntu) guest. pulse/client. I changed mine to look like this:6/2/2018 · Re: Raspbian Jessie and USB Audio device as default Sat Jun 02, 2018 11:31 pm the problem that i had was that my headphone jack didnt match the jack port on my usb audio card. 5mm jack audio out. General Help. conf" to resolve the warning messages. pacman -Qs phonon. I have tested both a CM119 based sound card and a DMK URI with the Pi and slowing the USB bus made a dramatic difference. Second Alternate method to fix no sound in Ubuntu: Open the terminal and edit speech-dispatcher file by using the following command: Fixing Audio in Linux Guests | VirtualBox. ipc_key。看着dnf女漫钉刺射。。你看ALSA配置文件(alsa。。3)设置了Alsa 内置的一些plugin的接口参数，b。Alsa for dummies: So what is alsa? Alsa means Advanced Linux Sound Architecture. The best Thus, let's start with a quick overview of how ALSA config file framework evaluation is The control device for a card is the way that programs modify various Dec 16, 2010 Hi, I'm looking to create a simple script that changes the audio profile of my ubuntu, through command line. See . conf …Configuration; Edit on GitHub; Configuration E. conf and change it to say . Save the file, close the file (menu File -> Close), and then finally exit Kate. Maybe you just need to unmute a device via alsamixer. While setting up a Raspberry Pi to play streamed music using UPnP, I have had quite a bit of trouble understanding how to configure the sound on my Raspberry Pi. From Sabayon Wiki. ) My main background for a recent years is MySQL DEV/DBA engineer but I’m also participating in wider range of tasks which could be likely called as DataOps/DevOps tasks. conf with your favorite editor and remove the line "autospawn = no". device 0defaults. The recalbox has an advanced configuration tool named recalbox. The problem is that the file is read only, ive tried The system-wide configuration file is stored in '/etc/asound. card 1 defaults. 04 to 16. Subject: Re: no alsa-base. From DOSBoxWiki. conf: uncomment default-sample-channels (ie remove the semicolon at the beginning of the line) and set it to 6 if you System 5. asoundrc in your home directory (create one if it dose not exists) sudo vi . conf (userlevel) Reload alsa so that it picks up the JACK Edit ===== libao / JACK ===== Check out the instructions at the alsa-project. I already mentioned the man pages for the ALSA utilities. conf with your favorite editor and remove the line "autospawn = no". then edit /etc/asterisk NOTE2: mine showed the subwoofer when connected as being on pin 0x1e. I am using a USB soundcard named "Set" which can be found with aplay -L, therefore my alsa. conf change the line “pcm. card 1-or-12/19/2017 · Changing output device in mpd. conf instead. Useful client. The rest should be the same as when using the original patch (setting up mixer and alsa configuration files). Reference https://bitbucket. front to pcm. The problem may be that the tutorial was designed for wheezy (based on the date it was posteed). 0. 3 Menu Sounds. Some of the goals of the ALSA project at its inception were automatic configuration of sound-card hardware and graceful handling of multiple sound devices in a system. conf and restart mpd: <br />mixer_type "software"<br /> Create asound. edit the "/etc/modprobe. dosbox. conf - edit /etc/direwolf. modules (see below for …8/6/2017 · Missing or unbuildable dependency chain was: ['fsl-image-multimedia-full', 'alsa-utils-alsaconf'] Summary: There was 1 WARNING message shown. Since I have no experience with kerneld, I do not know if the information below is accurate. conf and look for the following two lines: we'll edit the audio system configuration Re: [SOLVED] I broke my ALSA with Pulseaudio ^ you shouldn't have a pulse device anymore, so you probably have some remnants of pulseaudio-alsa in /etc/asound. conf file and not edit /usr/share/alsa The . com/respeaker/avs instead - alexa-pi/AlexaPidevice-strings describes the ALSA device string(s) that PulseAudio uses to open the device, where "%f" specifies the card number (should always be present in the string). "killall esd; modprobe -r maestro3". default. #emerge -av alsa-tools Plugins. October 29, 2008 by idyllictux After upgraded to Intrepid RC, I once again fiddled with Ubuntu sound system to use ALSA instead of Pulseaudio in a non-destructive way (a. asoundrc file (in your home directory) and /etc/asound. card 1 Sound configuration on Raspberry Pi with ALSA. Changed the lines. Summary Files Reviews Support Wiki Mailing Lists Tickets Feature Requests; Bugs; Support Requests; Patches; Discussion Code Menu alsa-announce; alsa-cvslog; alsa-user [Alsa-user] snd_config_search_alias_hooks Linux Python Pygame Cannot access /etc/alsa/alsa. The alsa-lib package (at least on Debian libasound2-data 1. d/ alsa. Last but not least - thanks for helping out! CategoryDebugging. Some are easy-to-use but have limited functionality; others require training to use and take a long time to master, but offer incredible functionality. Like I explained in my previous post, I have an Ubuntu Server playing HD audio and video using Turtle Beach USB Audio Card and Broadcom CrystalHD. conf, however, when I tried configuring it for alsa instead, I simply replicated the file as alsa. c:3314 Cannot open shared library [SOLVED] Hello everybody, I recently updated the alsa-lib and I cannot play sound. conf How to build a VoiceXML IVR? An advanced application for Asterisk is available from i6net. py and edit that file. If you want to use them, add (this is for sound blaster live card) ALSA_CARDS="emu10k1" on /etc/make. I have checked alsa. conf file is in /usr/share/alsa/ rather than /etc/alsa/, but I don't know how to get it to look for the file on the proper path. conf or the user-specific file ~/. conf manually and restart the mpd by using the /dev/ options in the web interface load-module module-alsa-sink device=dmix load-module module-alsa-source device=dsnoop # load-module module-udev-detect # load-module module-detect Edit /etc/pulse/daemon. Instructions. conf that allows you to modify some options not available in emulationstation. R-Pi configuration file. conf and add an entry for the working card/slot and device: defaults. ALSA 2015-11-01. asoundrc-format-type files on the system. conf, or the ALSA file in your modules directory on some distributions. so PulseAudio uses a high quality resampling algorithm by default. conf file. I tried to do what you said. You must first load the kernel module: modprobe No, Pulseaudio actually outputs to hardware through ALSA, but it will resample because one of its function is to act as a software mixer. The Hi guys, My partner and I were trying to install Jasper to our Raspberry Pi 2 Model B today and we were the following the instructions for manual installation. Jump to: navigation, search. edit the /usr/share/alsa/alsa. [ALSA / without pulseaudio] configuration questions for a "bitperfect" output I did the change in alsa. 10/29/2008 · ALSA instead of Pulseaudio for Ubuntu 8. quisk_conf. conf with your favorite text editor (as root). Installing Xorg is simple as: $ sudo apt install xorg. You can edit the file by either : …The warnings are generated by the ALSA system libraries and it does not affect the behavior of MATLAB. py, edit that file, and import it in . In short, ALSA Equal does not also mix, but it does facilitate adding routing to the asound. conf only has a single line in it, and I'm not entirely sure it is even required. /etc/ modprobe. Alsa names starting with "alsa:" are an extension to the normal alsa names. conf and add an entry for the working card/slot and device: defaults. for ALSA, install Mopidy-ALSAMixer. 14a-r1 supports PCM plugins through the ALSA_PCM_PLUGINS variable. On Unix based systems, the file is named . To test your microphone, use Skype . Note the software mixer mpdvol with the name "MPD". conf which I colud noy achieve Can you help me to create such file in order to modify it ? I believe I need to make the USB audio device system wide I need to modify the file asound. 1 or 8, if your system is 7. conf file. a guest Dec 22nd, 2013 51 Never Not a member of Pastebin yet? Sign Up, it # ALSA library configuration file # # pre-load the configuration files . asoundrc file (in your home directory) and /etc/asound. conf (for system-wide settings) are the configuration files for ALSA drivers. conf Add configuration for having Pulseaudio daemon immediately exit as soon as the audio source triggering it has ended: Edit the file /etc/yum. However the version of PulseAudio has no default settings for surround sound support. They search for the text after the colon in the alsa device name. card 0 defaults. 5/13/2015 · Re: [SOLVED] I broke my ALSA with Pulseaudio ^ you shouldn't have a pulse device anymore, so you probably have some remnants of pulseaudio-alsa in /etc/asound. also fixed it in fedora. Unfortunately some applications won't let you choose this device because they won't let you type in the name of the device and they don't use the extended alsa api for finding alsa plugin devices. At least in the case of vlc, you can edit its configuration directly to get around this. some have three contacts, others four. options snd-hda-intel model=3stack. confThe . Otherwise continue on. conf… this did not work, is there another config file that calls oss. On Raspbian jessie, to set an external USB sound card as the default card used by ALSA (instead of the internal bcm2835 snd card), edit /usr/share/alsa/alsa. Main Navigation. run . The . You …alsa-base conf file missing. conf の4ファイルのみでした。 alsa-base. py. This is the same with geexbox-devel-20130825-r16345-i386 …ALSA User, Re: no alsa-base. Sox has some useful tools: sudo apt-get install sox libsox2. 配置文件 总共有三个配置文件： 1) /system/usr/share/alsa/alsa. conf will be loaded from the top-level directory of the data partition. I found the alsa. conf" file in order to indexing the 3. Reboot again now. conf file accordingly to the instructions found on The ALSA Soundcard Matrix for your sound card/chip. conf) while an application is running? The warnings are generated by the ALSA system libraries and it does not affect the behavior of MATLAB. conf scroll down until you find the lines. conf after removing every configuration files in the home directory. 06, these instructions do not interfere with the Ubuntu package structure or other kernel modules - in other words, the changes seem drastic however they are simply adding greater functionality to an existing kernel module (Please read the Caveats section!)Advanced Linux Sound Architecture; Mailing Lists; Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Brought to you by: perex. Test. conf Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1. Do you know what the Jessie equivalent would be then? Or how do I go about setting up the default sound output on Jessie if the alsa-base. These notes are about configuring the Linux ALSA sound subsystem components (in From /usr/share/alsa/alsa. Red Hat Customer Portal. conf 3) . Make sure to copy a valid wav audio file into your current directory and rename appropriately. conf file can be found in chan_alsa. conf wirkungslos « Vorherige, 1, Nächste Copy one of them to your own . Other useful ones might be: libsox-fmt-all and libsox-dev. cat /dev/urandom | aplay -f S16_LE ## Where S16_LE is your desired rate No channel count [ edit ]sudo nano /usr/share/alsa/alsa. conf file as the main entry point. Edit the ALSA config files using your favorite editor. Remove your current sound module (if any, and closing all applications accessing sound before, including "esd" or "arts"), e. pcm “jack_playback” capture. 2 How to disable PulseAudio for a specific user Open a terminal window or SSH into your Ubuntu system. Unable to set default input and output audio device on Raspberry jessie. pkg. 9/29/2012 · Hi guys, I didn't have sound in my headphones so I found some 'solution' in the Web and manipulated using the terminal with the file etc/modprobe. These days, ALSA is much better, both when it comes to hardware support, and when it comes to how much software that supports outputting sound to either sound system. To enable all the channels, edit /etc/pulse/daemon. ALSA configuration files follow a simple syntax consisting of I have a usb speaker and I need to edit the alsa config to get it to work on my raspberry pi. xz 7. Optional Alsa Output Parameters device <dev> This specifies the device to use for audio output. conf structure. conf containsAn alternative to this ALSA configuration would be to simply add the following to /etc/mpd. Some settings are only accessible through editing xorg. !default { type hw card 1 } ctl. edit alsa confTun sudo nano /usr/share/alsa/alsa. pcm. OSS is also entirely unsupported, at least by Ubuntu. conf file, but when i play $ speaker-test it fails. Neither file is required for ALSA to work properly. See workarounds at the end) Motivation Like many people, i really enjoy listening music, an, as many would know, To return your system to a clean state again, edit ~/. On Linux, you have a choice of text editors. conf. asoundrc-format-type files on the system. dist. If you encounter errors, read the INSTALL file and edit the appropriate configuration files accordingly. That file is responsible for including the full list of potential . kristoffer@xxxxxxxxx>; Date: Tue, 1 Nov 2016 23:40:58 +0100; In Howdy /r/Gentoo. The current default sound drivers used by Linux kernel are OSS lite drivers. conf added(See next bullet) pulseaudio paths7/18/2010 · The stack trace looks like ALSA searches for device number 0. ctl. Which is the conf file I have to edit for these changes? Last edited by petedan10 on Sun May 22, 2016 10:55 pm, edited 1 time in total. conf ：它指定了另外两个配置文件的路径 2) /etc/asound. /sbin/alsa force-reload alsa. conf that I need to edit? I have this following asound. conf" to resolve the warning messages. I don't want to change config files such as asound. c:3314 Cannot open shared library [SOLVED] View unanswered posts View posts from last 24 hours Goto page I'm back here again, with ALSA and pulseaudio not playing nicely together again. conf to output mono audio to the earbud jack. d/ directory terminating with . When more than one card, add a …Sound configuration on Raspberry Pi with ALSA. 5. If you're using Wheezy, we'll edit the audio system configuration file with. k. conf fbdev-blacklist. The alsaconf script will now generate the appropriate /etc/conf Raspbian Wheezy - Updating alsa options. conf file as the main entry point. conf to solve a sound volume problem - I can mode the line ok but don't have - Answered by a verified Tech Support Specialist We use cookies to give you the best possible experience on our website. Opened by lucascarci. I simply replicated the file as alsa. #This configuration file is for alsa interface configuration. It didn't, so I commented-out the The system-wide file /etc/asound. card 0 and change them to (if your device is also listed as device 1, if not change the 1 to whatever address it was Raspbian Wheezy - Updating alsa options. laptop onboard soundkarte deaktivieren - edit in alsa-base. You can edit the file by either : …The recalbox has an advanced configuration tool named recalbox. PROBLEM: alsa is setting the wrong device as the default sound; you can force the correct default as follows: FIX: Create /etc/asound. now build the package Code: Select all makepkg 6. There may be entries for other, non−MIDI, devices, so be careful when you are editing the file. Set USB sound card as ALSA default. OSS was the standard used before ALSA came along. To enable all channels, edit the file /etc/pulse/daemon. conf defaults. card to the id of the USB snd card (“1” in my case): defaults. conf; From: Kristoffer Gustafsson <kg. sudo apt-get remove --purge alsa-base pulseaudio. conf and add dmix devices to get applications that ALSA is not available on Android; mpd. Hi guys, My partner and I were trying to install Jasper to our Raspberry Pi 2 Model B today and we were the following the instructions for manual installation. Failed to open "alsa" [alsa]; Failed to open ALSA device "hw:1,0": No such file or directory but if I edit mpd. python linux pygame midi alsa. ALSA User, Re: no alsa-base. sound_alsa. Raspotify is a Debian package and associated repository which thinly wraps the awesome librespot library by Paul Lietar and others. Edit The vimrc file contains optional runtime configuration settings to initialize Vim when it starts. Skip to main content. EDIT: I forgot to mention this, but /etc/alsa/ does not exist Then I try to check whether I have asound. audio/mixer_volume For example, to disable the Spotify extension, add the following to your mopidy. /etc/sysctl. the file /etc/asound. 27) provides the /usr/share/alsa/alsa. I'm trying to make my Pi use an external USB sound card as a default. conf: [spotify] enabled = false. 9/6/2017 · Edit (or create) /etc/asound. conf file that defines aliases to hardware card. Richard Valler April 14, 2015 02:00. EDIT: I forgot to mention this, but /etc/alsa/ does not exist. Though you have given me an idea to have a config-specified list of ALSA device names (such as those that are added via ~/. card 0defaults. conf - Music Player Daemon configuration file Optional Alsa Output Parameters device <dev> This specifies the device to use I know this situation is especially confusing to users since you can easily find an Alsa config, and why you are receive errors about "Card 0" (set in asound. I have an asound. pulse/client. conf12/2/2013 · Then edit /etc/asterisk/alsa. GNOME. conf (eg. Having trouble installing a piece of hardware? Want to know if that peripheral is compatible with Linux? Notices: Welcome to LinuxQuestions. The alsa device names are shown on the To return your system to a clean state again, edit ~/. After alsaconf is done, there is a configuration file for us to edit. conf for how to set autolock=false. These plugins take a raw sound stream and process Manual Installation of Jasper - ALSA Conf Issue #354. conf, or the ALSA file in your modules directory on some distributions. cat /dev/urandom | aplay -f S16_LE ## Where S16_LE is your desired rate No channel count [ edit ] How do I connect bluez-alsa to an audio device? Next edit /etc/asound. By continuing to use Pastebin, you agree to our use of cookies as described in the Cookies Policy. 8 I The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) subsystem provides audio and MIDI capabilities to Linux systems, including a user space library to simplify application programming (alsa-lib) and support for the older Open Sound System (OSS) architecture through legacy compatibility modes. Also, I'm sure that my sound card is OK. conf with the root user or “sudo” edit the . tar. 总共有三个配置文件： 1) /system/usr/share/alsa/alsa. conf fbdev-blacklist. or $ sudo apt install x-window-system. then. conf (eg. 10 output plugin selected (libALSA. petedan10 Posts: 69 Joined: Sat Jun 27, 2015 8:23 am. Do aplay -l at the command line to list available hardware. 1 setup, or 8 if you have 7. Alsa-tools might provide some better functionality for your sound card. If still doesn't work delete . After doing the edit, restart pulseaudio. Set USB sound card as ALSA default. The ALSA 2015-11-01. I am using 1. 10, 12. 0. conf ALSA is much better, both when it comes to hardware support, and when it comes Hello, not sure this is relevant to the current discussion, but I am trying to implement eq using LADSPA plugins. From MythTV Official Wiki. conf can be separated into a few sections. In Gnome, first open the Terminal through the Application menu. Creare and edit /etc/asound. You can list the devices ALSA see with: Tags: alsa, anything, dns lookups, dnsmgr, log messages, wasnt. help! who meet this question ? how to slove it? thanks! Examples of Alsa warnings got by many applications (etc Matlab 2016a), which naturally appear in many applications but which differentiation into important and non-important ones has been difficult The configuration file that I need to edit is called alsa-base. Please refer to the official sound debugging guide and Ubuntu Audio Development team's pages for more up-to-date information. Hi guys, I didn't have sound in my headphones so I found some 'solution' in the Web and manipulated using the terminal with the file etc/modprobe. I wasnt expecting that. conf by hand. After every upgrade we found ourselves having to edit the modules. conf as 11/26/2012 · Intercom over Sound Card with ALSA by jrosetto » Mon Nov 26, 2012 7:18 am I've been trying for about a week now to get the intercom to work over the sound card with ALSA. conf file with different settings in your home directory (you might simply delete it if there is one). conf and is found in /usr/share/alsa. Requires ALSA 1. This will be used when editing the /etc/mpd. It contains various system settings and initialization values that define your emulated environment. front cards. conf按照ALSA官方说法，Device 0作为音频设备等等defaults. Sometimes, especially after using RDP to log into the Windows host, the audio in the Ubuntu guest gets screwed up. Back; Where is /etc/modprobe. Clone via HTTPS Clone with Git or checkout with SVN using the repository’s web address. conf" in the location provided or the in the system. IDLE is a Python REPL and IDE, so you can write and edit Python code in a window and 1. System sound equalized with ALSA for Debian - Get-yo-self equalized! (Still working on 2015. g. sudo nano /etc/asound. The device /dev/dsp disappeared and whenever I call the command alsamixer appears this warning: The user account used to edit/modify the files needs to have sudo rights. One of its advantage is to be able to use the full duplex mode feature for almost all supported sound cards. Now, to set the device to your default card you will need to edit the file /usr/share/alsa/alsa. a no removable of Pulseaudio packages and configuration which in turn not remove ubuntu-desktop Edit the file /etc/yum. d/ alsa. Comments. org website on how to set up an ALSA device that forwards to JACK, then simply set this device as your output device in mpd. Under Firefox, I can listen to audio just fine but VLC or MPV for instance are pointing to a non-working "default" device. JACK Edit ===== libao / JACK ===== Check out the instructions at the alsa-project. card 0 and change them to (if your device is also listed as device 1, if not change the 1 to whatever address it was Rescue is on the way in the form of Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA). and that the version is 1. If you hear something, then great it works, if it doesn't, then you are going to have to do some fiddling around to solve this, first plug in the speakers into the sound card's audio out port and try again, if still nothing then we need to edit the alsa-base. conf file, enabling downmixing stereo to mono etc I found out that the alsa. conf', all ALSA compliant applications will read this file each time they start. Solving Onboard and USB Sound Card Issues in Alsa written by Anand March 30, 2011 Like I explained in my previous post , I have an Ubuntu Server playing HD audio and video using Turtle Beach USB Audio Card and Broadcom CrystalHD . NB2: You need to create & edit the file as root, for example sudo nano -w /etc/asound. d/alsa-base. conf with contents: pcm. You cannot edit your posts in this forum1. conf, it gets rewritten when I restart Volumio, so I must need to change it at a higher level. Using nano we type the command: nano -w /etc/yum. I need to add a line to alsa-base. conf(5) - Linux man page Name mpd. conf to have ALSA working, it was already configured to use OSS as output. g. conf This controls all the modem and packet settings ALSA Sound System - configure with alsamixer or amixer This is how you control the sent and received audio levels Or copy one of them to your own quisk_hardware. local and edit the file at /boot/retrograme. Follow these steps: Edit your /etc/conf. But, I decided to leave it on pin 0x16. conf9/16/2011 · [Solved] default sound card specification in alsa conf files What a wealth of information! I wasn't able to find the relevant pages in alsa-project. This howto shows you, how to remove PulseAudio, add alsa-mixer applet to the panel and associate hotkeys for volume change. 27) provides the /usr/share/alsa/alsa. ALSA/JackSense (last edited 2009-10-28 19:04:10 by diwic). Fortunately, there is an abundance of ALSA documentation and information for users of all levels. I've tried to create links /dev/audio -> /dev/audio1 and even renamed it but it didn't help. Bitperfect MPD with ALSA for a Linux Audio PC System Bit-accurate playback is the ultimate solution for a USB-DAC in combination with a HighEndAudio PC. c is the sound card access code for the ALSA drivers. After spending a long time and a lot of Googling trying to get this to work today, I've adopted a different strategy: it turns out that as of 2. k. Alsa is a GPL project and support a great number of sound cards. help! who meet this question ? how to slove it? thanks!Ubuntu: Make ALSA default instead of PulseAudio PulseAudio has still problems with some applications and it always adds a little latency and that's the reason, why so many people still prefer ALSA. If this works, then you can hardcode these values such that they will become defaults for aplay among all other audio handled by alsa (most cases) To edit your default values you alsa config file as others have stated: sudo nano /usr/share/alsa/alsa. And force reload Alsa again: sudo alsa force-reload. conf Edit. conf will be loaded from the top-level directory of the data partition. 27. Ubuntu Configuration. I found out that the alsa. conf were both explicitly removed from m-i-t under bug 725841. conf Offline9/9/2013 · I already read posts on the forum but that not fix the problem, i don’t found how to save alsa conf. This controls how any attached audio devices are dealt with. time to log in as root again und install the freshly build package: Code: Select all pacman -U pacman -U alsaequal-0. alsa. add the following line at the end of the file. Then log out and log in again. conf', all ALSA compliant applications will read this file each time they start. As of 2012, much of the information on this page is outdated. I did the change in alsa. However, if you use ALSA directly and set it up to output to hardware (instead of going through dmix)- it will not resample. Also tested on Arch Linux with latest system updates as of 03/25/2015. conf USB Audio Cards with a Raspberry Pi Tun sudo nano /usr/share/alsa/alsa. d/. To change audio profile I normally Oct 23, 2015 2. Top five wrong ways to fix your audio echo autospawn=no > ~/. I am using a USB soundcard named "Set" which can be found with aplay -L, therefore my alsa. conf and add the folowing lines at the end: Code: Select all dosbox. conf with the command sudo nano /usr/share/alsa/alsa. The alsa-lib package (at least on Debian libasound2-data 1. If you have already configured yum to use the ATrpms repository then append “*alsa*” to the end of the “includepkgs” line and skip the next setup. quisk_conf. Edit completed. conf file is in /usr/share/alsa/ rather than /etc/alsa/, but I don't know how to get it to look for the file on the proper path. An alternative to this ALSA configuration would be to simply add the following to /etc/mpd. device 0 defaults. Phonon is the KDE sound system and requires a backend to work. Failed attempt to use ALSA. 4. rc or alsa. conf: uncomment the default-sample-channels line (i. How to get bluetooth speakers working on a raspberry pi with alsa. pcm { type hw card X device Y } } When using a USB sound card for two-way audio, set the desired audio device accordingly in /etc/asterisk/alsa. conf libpisock9. conf contains An alternative to this ALSA configuration would be to simply add the following to /etc/mpd. so it is oss. Changing output device in mpd. (volume control per channel is through alsamixer or amixer) Then edit or create /etc/asound. e. Besides the sound device drivers, ALSA also bundles a user space driven library for application developers. conf and dist-alsa. Missing or unbuildable dependency chain was: ['fsl-image-multimedia-full', 'alsa-utils-alsaconf'] Summary: There was 1 WARNING message shown. conf that I need to edit? I could see this being the case as OSS is default, but I could not find anything relating to it. Use of ALSA. 2 Kodi Configuration; 1. conf file is no longer there? – chadianscot Dec 9 '15 at 14:49 Alright this makes sense… a config file for the module for chan_oss. and rebooted. 9/12/2017 · As of Ubuntu 6. conf libpisock9. It replaces the original Open Sound System (OSS). The ALSA Web site includes many resources for basic and advanced use of the system. conf and permanently set headphones as default output device by changing the order of devices, I want a temporary effect, just until I unplug the headphones. conf indicating the sound card's 12/9/2012 · >>moderator edit: Removed large image. load-module module-alsa-sink device=dmix load-module module-alsa-source device=dsnoop # load-module module-udev-detect # load-module module-detect Edit /etc/pulse/daemon. The advantage of this method is the changes can be reversed when PulseAudio needs to be turned on/enabled again. conf file and not edit /usr/share/alsa Then edit /etc/asterisk/alsa. remove the semicolon from the beginning of the line) and set the value to 6 if you have a 5. Increase the GPU memory. Raspberry PI – getting audio working alsa , audio , lame , mp3 , mpg321 , raspberry pi , sound , wav How to get the audio working on your Raspberry PI ? Edit (or create) /etc/asound. !default { type plug slave. Unfortunately the AMIs do not have any sound modules in the kernel, and that includes the snd_dummy module. ALSA: how to temporarily change the output device. How to configure ALSA? Perfect! In the future, you can also edit your answer instead of deleting and re-posting, if you have anything to add. Since I have no experience with kerneld, I do not know if the information below is accurate. The stack trace looks like ALSA searches for device number 0. conf as follows:mpd. Hi, Thank you for your pointer. I've tried to create links /dev/audio -> /dev/audio1 and even renamed it but it didn't help. If you have games that The TiMidity Howto - Using TiMidity as the ALSA sequencer client If you use the eawpats soundfonts provided with this guide then you will also need to edit Thanks, hoopycat, that's a useful clue. ALSA, the Advanced Linux Sound Architecture, is both a project and a body of software. If the file is now empty, you can just as well delete it. # aplay -l These notes are about configuring the Linux ALSA sound subsystem components /usr/share/alsa/alsa. You should see the ALSA configuration file in the Kwrite editor. You cannot edit your posts in this forum I have the alsa 1. EDIT . The content of alsa. 10 Intrepid – a Non-Destructive way. conf and add Sound Troubleshooting Guide. Strangely, I can't google the answer. pa to add this line: load-module module-alsa-sink device=sysdefault have a look here in the archwiki (the advanced tab). conf). 04 lts to play a soundfile. !default {type Clone via HTTPS Clone with Git or checkout with SVN using the repository’s web address. Change the default card by editing /etc/asound. look up Dosbox. Jump to: navigation, After alsaconf is done, there is a configuration file for us to edit alsa config for MythTV (spdif) In the last few months even after upgrading MythTV and Fedora (currnetly 12), I have been getting these " WriteAudio: buffer underrun" messages in my Mythfrontend log which causes pauses during playback. asoundrc. Intercom over Sound Card with ALSA by jrosetto » Mon Nov 26, 2012 7:18 am I've been trying for about a week now to get the intercom to work over the sound card with ALSA. conf I Now, to set the device to your default card you will need to edit the file /usr/share/alsa/alsa. First you should try to comment out all the lines that you have in those files and try again if you have some audio problems. front cards. vimrc , while on Windows systems it is named _vimrc . Follow. to set the device to your default card you will need to edit the file /usr/share/alsa/alsa. org website on how to set up an ALSA device that forwards to JACK, then simply set this device as your output device in mpd. conf were both explicitly removed from m-i-t under bug 725841. [Solved - sort of] ALSA conf file? by petedan10 » Wed May 18, 2016 8:40 pm . Systemd users need to save this information into a file in the /etc/ modprobe. Overhead Page with OSS/ALSA. conf is the configuration file for mpd(1). !default { type plug slave. ALSA is the lowest level of the Linux sound stack. alsa-conf-base - 1. default” If you are using HDMI and cannot hear any audio at all change the following PI configuration setting:ipv6. there are 2 of them, phonon-vlc and phonon-gstreamer . Note the configuration file that you need to edit in your /etc/alsa/cards depends on your sound card; look under /proc/asound/ to figure this out. CPU usage will drop… Even if autospawn=no, PulseAudio always starts (gdm) Is there anyway to take away the execute permission for gdm and prevent it from starting PulseAudio? I'm running Arch Linux with GNOME 3. Products & Services. 2 you just need to uncomment the line # /usr/local/bin/retrogame & from /etc/rc. 10. In the future, more complete methods may be available for emulating ALSA, such as libsalsa and cuckoo. pcm “jack_playback_1” capture. front” to “pcm. a no removable of Pulseaudio packages and configuration which in turn not remove ubuntu-desktop Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) is a software framework and part of the Linux kernel that provides an application programming interface (API) for sound card device drivers. First, the following lines are required in /etc/asound. conf it looks like there are the following classes of device names: defaults: pcm: ctl: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1. Actually it seems to work only for the "ao" output type using the "alsa09" driver:Systemd users need to save this information into a file in the /etc/ modprobe. Add this line at the end of the file. pcm “jack_capture” …has to be replaced with playback. Because Lubuntu does not use pulseaudio, it can be useful in determining whether an audio issue is caused by pulseaudio, the ALSA driver, or another program. Tested on Ubuntu 10. conf to solve a sound volume problem - I can mode the line ok but don't have - Answered by a verified Tech Support Specialist We use cookies to give you the best possible experience on our website. First question: in what way is pulseaudio wrongly configured, and how do I fix it? Second: now I have no sound at all, with any program, after 9/30/2017 · [ALSA / without pulseaudio] configuration questions for a "bitperfect" output. [SOLVED] ALSA: Playback open error: -2,No such file or directory I'm setting up a fresh Arch installation on a new system, and I'm stuck at ALSA. # ALSA portion alias char-major-116 snd alias snd-card-0 snd-ice1724 This will load the core ALSA module as well as the module for an Audiophile 192. Actually it seems to work only for the "ao" output type using the "alsa09" driver: Re: Raspbian Jessie and USB Audio device as default Sat Jun 02, 2018 11:31 pm the problem that i had was that my headphone jack didnt match the jack port on my usb audio card. Specify the sample format, or amend the rate in the ALSA conf file. modules (see below for examples) sudo pacman -S alsa-utils alsa-plugins alsa-lib pavucontrol -noconfirm-needed Installing additional tools for i3 productivity is also optional but highly recommended: sudo pacman -S rxvt-unicode Configure ALSA (optional) Create /etc/asound. I may publish new model files in the future, and you don't want your changes to be overwritten. org by myself, but now the original question is solved and I can see where to start from to learn as much as I wish about alsa. card 0 defaults. I'm trying to route all sound to the usb headset. I dont need any dns lookups for anyth. Blender 2. UPDHi guys, My partner and I were trying to install Jasper to our Raspberry Pi 2 Model B today and we were the following the instructions for manual installation. Adding new configuration values We use cookies for various purposes including analytics. Digital Audio Tutorial. ‒ the /etc/ conf. And obviously it doesn't work. From eLinux. conf Then edit /etc/asterisk/alsa. conf and change defaults. conf – however I am still getting log messages for dnsmgr_lookup. conf and change defaults. How to configure ALSA? you can also edit your answer The system-wide configuration file is stored in '/etc/asound. cfg to match your GPIO configuration. If you are using features like HD, Digital Audio, OpenMAX High Quality it may be necessary to go up to 320MB. conf and change it to say . conf after removing every configuration files in the home HOWTO: Configure ALSA to handle a USB sound card. Configuring Linux sound services with ALSA. conf and dist-alsa. confI need to add a line to alsa-base. (The App menu is usually in the upper left-hand corner, labeled as Applications. asoundrc The Intel part in the file must be changed to have your computers interface card name from the above process. 6-13-armv7h. Turns out the file is now called alsa. conf file, enabling downmixing stereo to mono etc. conf scroll down until Raspbian Wheezy - Updating alsa options. conf settings but this now seems to be deprecated as devices are detected automatically. conf I Introduction. Thanks. org by myself, but now the original question is solved and I can see where to start from to learn as much as I wish about alsa. SSH into your Pi and add /etc/asound. I have a server and a couple dedicated machines just running ALSA connections. subdevice -1defaults. Read Forum Etiquette: Pasting Pictures and Code. There may be entries for other, non−MIDI, devices, …Alexa client for all your devices! # No active development. conf). The The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) provides kernel driven sound card drivers. In the future, more complete methods may be available for emulating ALSA, such as libsalsa and cuckoo. Re: How to edit Grub boot menu? From: Mark Champion [ Date Prev ][ Date Next ] [ Thread Prev ][ Thread Next ] [ Thread Index ] [ Date Index ] [ Author Index ] 1. Defining alsa device by going to your home directory cd now edit the asla config file . conf, it PulseAudio (or PA for short) is a sound server that provides a number of features on top of the low-level audio interface ALSA on Linux, such as: . conf can be separated into a few sections. Add the following to the bottom of this file:Now you will need to edit /etc/modules. Basically they are both the same, but recent version of modutils use /etc/ modules. conf (system-wide) or ~/asound. So i go back to the configuration to see if the edit was saved, and it wasn't. sound. The default is "default". asoundrc) that can be enumerated by OpenAL. The best place to look ALSA 2015-11-01. card 0 and change them to (if your device is also listed as device 1, if not change the 1 to whatever address it was Specify the sample format, or amend the rate in the ALSA conf file. Since a recent update, my system doesn't fully set my default audio device anymore it seems. (snd1_pcm_direct_parse_open_conf) Unknown field bluealsa [Edit] This ALSA configuration file is hard to grasp at first. conf or …# "/etc/asound. Also,the alsa-user and alsa-devel mail lists are founts of wisdom and assistance, as is the excellent ALSA Sounds like you need to either edit the . just edit the mpd. card 1-or- ALSA instead of Pulseaudio for Ubuntu 8. conf file is used, the following message may appear when the module is loaded: WARNING: Deprecated config file /etc/modprobe. ALSA > 1. Configure X. conf as follows: A daemon for ALSA RAVENNA/AES67 Driver. Reboot edit /etc/pulse/default. conf structure. Jump to: The package for that is alsa-oss. When more than one card, add a line for each card. Debian User Forums. !default { type hw card 1 } NB1: the card number may not be ‘1’. ipv6. conf: alias eth0 e100 alias snd-card-0 snd-ice1712 alias usb-controller uhci-hcd # --- BEGIN: Generated by ALSACONF, do not edit. !default {type hw card 1 #device 0} ctl. 04 and can not seem to get alsa working I forgotten to backup my kodi. I searched for 'ALC1200 alsa' and found the answer on the alsa-user mailing list: S/PDIF-Out on Asus M3A-H/HDMI with ALC1200 Where you make the changes depends on your distribution. Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) is a software framework and part of the Linux kernel that provides an application programming interface (API) for sound card device drivers. 10 Intrepid – a Non-Destructive way. asoundrc The method described below will allow users to turn off PulseAudio and use the Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) instead. org, a friendly and active Linux Community. Raspotify is a Spotify Connect client for Raspbian on the Raspberry Pi that Just Works™. Add the following to the bottom of this file: Alsa for dummies: So what is alsa? Alsa means Advanced Linux Sound Architecture. conf docs, but can't figure out what to do. conf as 💯 pcm. conf raspi-blacklist. conf is a configuration file that DOSBox can use globally and/or locally per game (and settings that are left out are taken from the global file). /etc/sysctl. conf… this did not work, is there another config file that calls oss. Edit your /etc/modules. conf is a configuration file that DOSBox can use globally and/or locally per game (and settings that are left out are taken from the global file). confRaspberry Pi 2 – Speech Recognition on device Posted on March 25, 2015 December 30, 2016 by Wolf Paulus This is a lengthy post and very dry, but it provides detailed instructions for how to build and install SphinxBase and PocketSphinx and how to generate a pronunciation dictionary and a language model, all so that speech recognition can be PROBLEM: alsa is setting the wrong device as the default sound; you can force the correct default as follows: FIX: Create /etc/asound. Richard Valler ALSA Equal does not also mix, but it does facilitate adding routing to the asound. 04, and 12. 5, ALSA was included in the linux sources. conf with the command sudo nano /usr/share/alsa/alsa. I have installed Raspbian Jessie with Pixel (version April 2017) on my Raspberry Pi 3. conf(5) - Linux man page Name mpd. conf scroll down until you find the lines. 10, 11. Uncomment the line autospawn=yes and replace the yes with a "no". I have followed 1. Warning: Do not attempt to change the ALSA configuration files while using the default PulseAudio configuration. conf and specify the right input_device and output_device. I should have provided I also had to edit the /etc/modprobe. conf Add configuration for having Pulseaudio daemon immediately exit as soon as the audio source triggering it has ended:Alsa Lib conf. edit alsa conf [Solved] default sound card specification in alsa conf files What a wealth of information! I wasn't able to find the relevant pages in alsa-project. EDIT: my question would be why someone would use pulseaudio on FreeBSD, unless for eventual ports without a choices? Anonymous said Thanks for the tips. Notes/Warnings/Tips about this document: This is a do-it-yourself guide to fix your sound problems. conf file is corrupted does not allow the play with the correct sound card I have installed Raspbian Jessie with Pixel (version April 2017) on my Raspberry Pi 3. conf (for system-wide settings) are the configuration files for ALSA drivers. In order to use the Adafruit Retrogame program for the GPIO controller inputs with the tinkerBOY Controller v2. conf Offline Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) subsystem provides audio and MIDI capabilities to Linux systems, including a user space library to simplify application programming (alsa-lib) and support for the older Open Sound System (OSS) architecture through legacy compatibility modes. Top. conf, all config files belong into /etc/modprobe. W I already read posts on the forum but that not fix the problem, i don’t found how to save alsa conf. Get help for Volumio here! Failed to open "alsa" [alsa]; Failed to open ALSA device "hw:1,0": No such file or directory but if I edit mpd. I use OpenSuse and tried to use Yast2, but for some reason it was not able to save the changes. device-strings describes the ALSA device string(s) that PulseAudio uses to open the device, where "%f" specifies the card number (should always be present in the string). I used to need to edit my asound. subdevice 0 #These card values are for USB Mic and Rpi's 3. conf with your favorite text editor (as root). Newbie Corner. 4 or above. The last is needed both for let asterisk access alsa together with other applications and to have smooth audio without changing it deeply. edit the "~/. pcm “jack_playback_4” Now you will need to edit /etc/modules. And sorry, If my english is not so good, or if I look like speaking like a robot. conf in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 and later? I didn't even need to configure asound. Also, I'm sure that my sound card is OK. !default { type hw card 0 } Make sure you have no . Instead of putting important details in the comments please edit your question and add them there. desktop link I used AE_SINK=ALSA kodi via terminal is not working for me and I actual used to use something stored inside the kodi. conf and change the cards from pcm. 1, v1. None. modules. ALSA supports only one, a simple linear resampler. 1, or v. conf with your favorite editor. conf and or alsa. card to the id of the USB snd card (“1” in my case): defaults. and Audacity will work through the ALSA sound system. Restart and enjoy the world of sound, again. conf and or alsa. PRs welcome # consider https://github. 15-r0 - Alsa sound library The GNU Readline library provides a set of functions for use by applications that allow users to edit command Tutorial: Install Alsa-Equal. conf with the following content: pcm. Installing Xorg. On Android, mpd. And obviously it doesn't work. conf or asound. conf contains How to make Raspberry Pi use an external USB sound card as a default usr/share/alsa/alsa. Does RoonBridge use the alsa control settings defined in asound. It’s not perfect, but it’s free and it works fairly well. pcm “jack_capture_1” And their second occurrence has to be replaced with playback. The implication being that the Mono Audio is not coming from kernel component ALSA, but There isn't a way to select a specific ALSA device from the program, beyond the hardware devices it enumerates